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Twenty years have passed since Albania started on a long road towards democratisation and modernisation. Much has been achieved and considerable progress made, the most important, perhaps, being NATO membership from April 2009. But the reform process is still an unfinished business. Albania aspires for membership of the European Union and the criteria for membership are demanding. Comprehensive democratic governance of the security sector and continued modernisation of the legal framework for that sector, are but one such challenge. However, that particular field of reforms stands at the centre of Albania becoming a mature member of the family of European democracies. Therefore, time has come to launch a new generation of reforms, building on what has already been achieved and bringing the reform process in the security sector to its conclusion
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Institute for Democracy and Mediation, through its specialized department; Centre for European and Security Studies, during the last years has been focused on the reforms related to the security sector in Albania, constituting one of the leading Albanian think tanks in the field of security studies. In this framework, IDM aims to contribute in the ongoing security sector reforms and accontability of the security sector governance in Albania
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Download:Description:Parliamentary political parties in Albania have traditionally shared consensus on necessary reforms bringing Albania closer to NATO membership and standards. Beyond this perception, it seems that civic and public interest on PCNS’ work remains limited under the justification of national security matters. However, in a dynamic world of developed societies such limitations to the security concept are being “conquered” and the public is allowed greater access in the role of the Parliament in this regard and also in the overall security sector governance. This approach represents the main motivation behind IDM Center for European and Security Affairs (CESA) initiative. The report presents the main findings of the monitoring and an assessment of the activity of the Parliamentary Committee on National Security during 2011.
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Download:Description:Considering the importance of these challenges and the need to improve parliamentary dealings on EU accession, in early 2011 IDM’s Center for European and Security Affairs (CESA) launched the monitoring of the performance of the Parliamentary Committee of European Integration (PCEI) as the focal point of overall parliamentary dealings on the EU accession process.
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This publication includes findings of research, contributions, and proceedings of the regional conference “Towards Regional Advocacy for Cooperation in the Balkans via European Best Practices” organized by Institute for Democracy and Mediation in (March 2009) in cooperation with Institute of Public Affairs, Warsaw (Poland), International Centre for Democratic Transition, Budapest (Hungary), EUROPEUM Institute for European Policy, Prague (Czech Republic), Slovak Foreign Policy Association, Bratislava (Slovakia), with the support of International Visegrad Fund and Open Society Foundation for Albania. Positions expressed belong to the authors and do not necessarily reflect donors’ point of view
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In this publication are included speeches and recommendations of the national conference “An Albanian Agenda to Regional Security, supported by the NATO Public Diplomacy Division in Brussels. The conference called for the drafting of a national agenda of regional security that will serve to orient the cooperation of Albania with regional and international partners and will be in the disposition of the Euro-Atlantic integrations of the country. The publication contains English abstracts of the speeches.
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The communications with the public of the State Police remain at the base of the efforts to open up the police structures, the strengthening of the cooperation between police and community, strengthening of the public trust to the police and coordination of the struggle for crime prevention. On the other hand the relation Media-Police is of crucial importance and is directly reflected in the improvements of the security services offered to the citizen.
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Policy Brief No. 2 / 2011
This Policy Brief looks at the challenges of the approximation process of Albanian legislation with EU acquis by examining the alignment practice and approach applied in specific cases of legislation where implementation remains a concern. It further highlights that alongside the need to improve administrative capacities and resources, decision makers and other stakeholders must invest more efforts to address three major deficiencies in the context of legal approximation with the EU acquis: 1) involvement of interest groups and other non-state actors (external consultations); 2) ex ante assessment of economic and other impact on the local context; and
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This research paper analyses the independent oversight bodies (IOB) in Albania.1 The IOB include those institutions which are established by the Parliament and are accountable to it. The IOB form an essential part of the democratic governance of the security sector. Along with the executive branch, the legislative branch and the judiciary these institutions contribute in holding the security sector accountable to elected civilian representatives. -
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This Monitoring Brief covers the first six months of 2011 and will be followed by an annual monitoring report of the work and performance of PCNS.
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This Monitoring Brief covers the first six months of 2011 and will be followed by an annual monitoring report of the work and performance of PCEI.
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SMN - Policy Paper 2011
This paper analyses Albania’s intelligence system and tries to make an assessment of the main problems is faces. The paper calls for the need of a comprehensive reform which should bring the intelligence system in line with the international norms and standards.
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SMN - Policy Paper 2011
This document addresses a wide audience in the public administration who have jurisdiction in the affairs in the defense and security sector, as well as members of the Committee for National Security along with all MPs, and interested international, governmental and nongovernmental organizations and the media. We expect this analysis to encourage a more competent and intense public and professional debate on the parliamentary oversight of the security sector concerning the development of democratic values, accountability and transparency.
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SMN - Policy Documents 2011
Improving the process of Challenges, Risks and Threats (CRT) assessment is one of the most important challenges of defining and drafting a comprehensive National Security Document. This policy paper aims not only to give a general view of the current implication of the process but also to ensure a useful platform for discussion on the eve of the review and drafting of the new National Security Strategy Document. More specifically, the purpose is to provide a summary analysis of the Albanian CRT assessment so far, focusing on three important levels of a final integrated process.
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SMN - Policy Paper 2011
Based on a thorough legal analysis, a focused policy - institutional assessment and introduction of a best practice - case of Rumania as a comparative review, the document will aim at exploring the dynamics of the gender equality, the patterns of integrating women in the promotion procedures in the armed forces and consequently re-establishing gender relations within and outside the Albanian armed forces in general.
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The study and analysis of the perceptions of local elite’s representatives aims to give a valuable contribution to the process and work of policy-making institutions. In addition, this study will serve to help establishing a thorough process and benchmarks that would lead to improved processes of drafting, reviewing, implementation and monitoring of the national security policy framework, in line with Albania’s obligation as NATO member country and contemporary standards of the North-Atlantic Alliance.
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Under the framework of the Regional Conference on ”NATO’s NEW STRATEGIC CONCEPT A view from the Western Balkans”, the Institute for Democracy and Mediation (IDM) in cooperation with its regional partners in the Western Balkans carried out a series of mini-surveys with approximately 233 respondents.
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This publication includes the proceedings of the national conference “Democratic Control and Civil-Military Relations: Still an Unfinished Business” organized by Centre for European and Security Affairs (Institute for Democracy and Mediation) on 20-21 November 2009. This publication in the Albanian language includes all presentations/panel reports and studies, while the English part of the book includes only panel reports and results of the three surveys carried out in the framework of this conference.
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DEMOCRATIC CONTROL AND CIVIL-MILITARY RELATIONS - STILL AN UNFINISHED BUSINESS
This publication includes the proceedings of the national conference “Democratic Control and Civil-Military Relations: Still an Unfinished Business” organized by Centre for European and Security Affairs (Institute for Democracy and Mediation) on 20-21 November 2009. This publication in the Albanian language includes all presentations/panel reports and studies, while the English part of the book includes only panel reports and results of the three surveys carried out in the framework of this conference.
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Author: Arjan Dyrmishi
This paper analyses Albania’s intelligence system and tries to make an assessment of the main problems is faces. The paper calls for the need of a comprehensive reform which should bring the intelligence system in line with the international norms and standards
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After the successful training sessions on most important aspects of security sector, 15 researchers involved in this network prepared under the mentorship of IDM, 5 research and policy documents after undergoing revision process by senior security experts of DCAF. These products are presented in this publication.
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The report presents the main findings of the survey which does not pretend to be exhaustive from the perspective of thematic coverage, processes or actors involved in the context of Albania’s EU accession
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IDM Center for European & Security Affairs (CESA) with the support of Friedrich Ebert Stiftung (FES, Tirana) and the OSI Think Tank Fund (Budapest) organized a Roundtable Debate “EU Accession and the role of interest groups”, on the 4th of May 2011 at Hotel Rogner EUROPAPARK (Tirana).
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This study analyzes the context in which the Security Sector Reform (SSR) has taken place in Albania since the fall of the communist regime. It has been conceptualized in three main periods, based on the social, political and economic perspectives that featured each phase during the process of Security Sector Reform.
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This paper considers that in Albania, the control and oversight of the interception of telecommunications, as mechanisms for guaranteeing that human rights are fully respected of and that such method is used only for lawful purposes, is inexistent or exists only formally. It suggests that the legislation should be revised in order to provide for establishing such functional mechanisms.
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EUROPE IN 12 LESSONS : "HOW LATE IS TOO LATE"
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THREE “STEPS” TO IMPROVE PARLIAMENTARY DEALINGS ON EU ACCESSION
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This study analyses the development of the responsible decision making and coordination institutions of the national security policies. In addition, it also offers an assessment overview of their role and efficiency.
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The essence of the challenge to develop results-oriented institutions through Performance Based Management(PBM) lies in the effective application of three key elements – clearly define the mission and desired outcomes; measure performance to gauge progress; and use performance information as a basis for decision making. This is precisely what this paper intends to do – guide the readers through the PBM model, provide “food for thoughts” to key stakeholders and encourage debate among top institutional leaders and actors on the model
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The periodical review of the fundamental security document of the Republic of Albania, known as “National Security Strategy” is necessary, nay legally obligatory, for the main political and institutional actors of the country. This review raises a lot of concerns mainly due to the dynamics of the security environment either domestically or regionally or even globally.
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Analyzing the main strategic documents and reflecting on the current situation regarding security issues in Albania, we can come into the conclusion that overwhelmingly the aspects of human security are poorly handled either in the strategic documents or in the public discourse.This backgrounder is conceptualized in the frame of a summary where will be presented the seven components of human security in relation to Albania, aiming to identify the salient elements that feature the framework of human security in Albania.
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Gender is a crucial component of our identity. However, gender interacts with and is influenced by many other factors such as class, ethnicity, nationality, sexual orientation, age etc. These sharp (to various degrees) gender differences are present in all areas of life, including security.
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Following a backgrounder on interception of telecommunications published in 2009, through this policy paper the IDM presented a more detailed analysis on the matter and came up with some recommendations also.
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Paper prepared in the framework of the project: "Integration Perspectives and Synergic Effects of European Transformation in the Countries Targeted by EU Enlargement and Neighborhood Policies”. Albania’s EU integration process represents perhaps one of the most debated matters in the national public and political discourse. Being considered as the strongest incentive to move forward in the democratization process, the EU integration struggle and political actors’ performance therein has attracted the attention of civil society representatives, private sector, as well as the public’s attention at large.
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Under its Series II of policy documents (2009) IDM launched a policy brief for public debate focusing on some sensitive policy issues of the general framework of security sector. Namely, the Policy Brief focuses on the key concerns and challenges for the implementation of the community policing strategy in Albania. Based on a comprehensive analysis of the progress and through emphasizing the guiding principles for community policing it further outlines a set of recommendations aiming to improve the policy framework and the performance
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The publication consists of the findings of a survey, conducted by IDM in the period March-May 2007, on the perceptions of Albanian public on the process of NATO integration.
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This publication comprises summaries of the speeches held during the regional conference as well as recommendations emerged in relation to Albanian and regional challenges. The overall aim of the conference was to offer an analysis on the costs and benefits that these countries encounter to successfully coordinate and reform their policies on regional security issues and to face the challenges of NATO membership.
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The Backgrounder is intended to trigger more informed debate, now through a new format, on the legal, policy and institutional challenges related to the interception of communications. This work was based and "provoked" by the series of amendments in the past years to the legal framework regulating such a sensitive issue. The Series II of IDM policy work, supported by OSI Think Tank Fund, follows the success of the first year's series of policy documents (2008) through which IDM provided a valuable contribution in a number of areas such as decentralisation, police - local government relations and especially in relation to the debate on the timing of Albania's EU membership application.
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Taking into account the policy brief drawn up from the Center for Security Studies (February 2008) on the problematique of crime prevention and the current approach of Albanian institutions, IDM organized on 3rd June 2008 a roundtable with high officials and experts on security related matters.
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Under the framework of the Regional Conference on ”NATO’s NEW STRATEGIC CONCEPT A view from the Western Balkans”, the Institute for Democracy and Mediation (IDM) in cooperation with its regional partners in the Western Balkans carried out a series of mini-surveys with approximately 233 respondents.
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This publication is a result of the National Workshop on the “National Security Strategy, which was organized by Geneva Center for Democratic Control of Armed Forces (DCAF) and the Institute for Democracy and Mediation (IDM), in coordination with the Government and the Parliament of Albania, on September 21st 2007. The publication includes the comments and suggestions of local and foreign experts on the importance and the multiplicity of dimensions of the Strategy, thus offering a valuable contribution to the Governmental Working Group in their work to draft the new NSS.
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PUBLIC TRUST – CHALLENGE FOR THE POLICE (5) (ALBANIAN)
This book includes the papers of the Fifth National Conference “Public Trust – A Challenge for the Police”. This is an annual event of IDM, in cooperation with the General Directory of State Police, to analyze the activities implemented in the framework of the project “Improving the Law Enforcement at the Local Level”, supported by National Endowment for Democracy. The achievements of the project during the latest year have been the drafting of the Local Strategy for Crime Prevention in some regions and the institutionalization of the Boards for Crime Prevention in police commissariats.
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This policy brief was launched for public debate in October 2008, at a time when (almost two years after the signing of the SAA and the entry into force of the Interim Agreement, December 2006) Albanian political actors were seriously considering the possibility to submit an application for EU membership. This issue was in fact raised in early 2008 through individual political statements urging the Government to submit an application by the end of 2008. Yet, the public debate was not triggered, due to the weak involvement of political actors, opinion makers and experts. In fact, the absence of a debate revealed the lack of a structured approach to the issue by political actors. Experts and opinion makers are also at odds over the timing of an application for membership.

